Internal-combustion engine.



F. E. LONASf INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR: 24.19M.

Patented. 15420.14, 1915.

3W2 :8; I M

! TED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

FRANK E. LONAS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 24, 1914. Serial No. 826,891.

I bers, and in which the inlets and exhausts to 15 andfr m the explosionchambers are controlled liy valves placed in valve spaces or chamberssurrounded or inclosed partially onftvholly by water passages orchambers formin t part of a water circulating system in. whidh the waterpreferably'flows in a continuous'direction; and the object of the invenon is to provide improved means for operaQtng the valves by which theinlet and exhaus' to and from the explosion chambers in the heads of thecylinders are controlled, and which the means for operating saidvalves-are located in the top portion of the engine abovethe cylindersand the heads thereof, and in direct connection with said 0' \valves,and also in operative connection with the main crank shaft of theengine. Another object is to so locate the mechanism that it may beeasily inspected and readily assembled and dis-assembled with-.outjdisturbance of the crank case, the cylinders, the pistons or thevalves themselves.

In the case ofa motor employing several cylinders; the water chambers orpassages are preferablyin communication With a suit able, source ofsupply at or near the lower ends of the cylinders, and the cylinders andthei heads are inclosed in jackets forming part of the water circulatingsystem, and said chambers or passages are in communication at or nearthe lower ends of the cylinders with a watervsupply pipe, and at theirupped ends or above the explosion heads of the cylinders with a commoncollector or source of discharge, of such character that the chambers orpassages of the water circulating system are disposed in parallel linesor columns between the inlet and the outlet or discharge, whereby thereis a continuous flow of the cooling medium in one direction from'thepoint of entree to the point of discharge, and by reason of thisconstruction, a

more effective and practical cooling of those parts of the engine whichare apt to become overheated is provided for.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, ofwhich the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate partsof my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters ineach of the views, and in which Figure 1 isa vertical section throughone Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

of the cylinders of the engine, its extension head and correspondingparts, and ;F ig. 2 a sectional plan view taken in two differenthorizontal planes, the left hand portion, of

said figure being approximately a section on with which the manifoldpassages a communicate, and the cylinders a are inclosed 1 by a jacketor casing d having an enlarged head portion d which incloses theexplosion heads I) of the cylinders a, and the manifold passages 0 andthe heads I), the manifold passages c and the jacket or casing dd arealso preferably formed integrally, but said parts are provided with adetachable cap or cover 6 forming in connection therewith an' enlargedhead portion and a chamber e in which the valve operating mechanism isplaced, as hereinafter described and the bottom of which is formed by ahorizontal partition 0 formed in and constituting part of the enlargedhead portion d of the jacket or casing d and through which the tops ofthe explosion heads I) of the cylinders a pass.

The explosion heads I) of the cylinders a are provided in their outerwalls with annular valve chambers f which open upwardly into the chamber6 and in which are placed cylindrical or sleeve valves 9 which arevertically movable in the construction, shown, and which are providedwith ports or passages g? and g which control the inlet and exhaustports or passages and 0 between the manifold passages c and theexplosion chambers in the heads b of the cylinders a,

The jacket or casing cZ-d forms in connection with the cylindersa,"th'eir heads I) and the manifold passages 0, water chambers orpassages it around the cylinders a, and if around the manifold passagesc, and the other Water chambers or passages h are formed in theexplosion heads Z) of the cylinders a, and in the tops of the heads 6are water chambers If with which the Water chambers or passages h 71 andla communicate, and the chambers or passages 71 in the explosion heads bof the cylinders a communicate with the chambers or passages it belowthe valve chambers f, as shown at if, and tubular water passages h arearranged between the cylinder heads and communicate-with the chambers orpassages k and with a water chamber or passage if in the top of the capor cover 6, and the central tubular water passages it provide acommunication with thewater chambers'or passages b in the top of theexplosion heads of the engines and with the water chamber or passage ifin the top of the cap or cover 6, said central tubular Water passages 1:being provided in the top portion thereof with ports 1L and being alsoclosed, in the construction shown, by screw threaded caps if".

The tubular passages 766 are preferably composed of two parts one ofwhich is connected with the removable cap or cover 6 and the other withthe horizontal partition 6 said parts being connected in the plane thatseparates the removable cap or cover 6 from the part. (l of the jacketor casing (Z, and this connection may be made in any desired manner.

\Vith this construction, the water enters through the jacket or casing dinto the water passages or chambers it through suitable supply pipes inthe usual manner, these supply pipes and their inlets being not shown,and said water passes upwardly through the chambers or passages h, m,it, it, it and it into the water chamber or passages 70 from which it isdischarged in the usual manner, and it will thus be seen that there is acontinuous flow of the cooling Water in one direction, and withoutinterruption, from the time it enters the Water chambers or passages ittill it is discharged through or by the water chamber or passageh, thisflow of the Water being indicated by the arrow :11, and in thiscontinuous flow of the Water, the body thereof is divided into separatecolumns or branches which flow inwardly through and longitudinally ofthe heads 6 .of the cylinders a and parallel with the outer and innerwalls of the valve chambers f in which the valves are placed, and thecolumns of water which flow through the chambers or passages it in. theheads I) of the cylinders (I. not only serve to cool the ex plosionchambers in said heads, but also to cool the inner Walls of the valvechambers, While the columns of Water which flow through the chambers. orpassages 11? serve formation of to cool both the outer walls of saidchambers and the manifold passages 0.

The valve chambers are provided with,

The outer linings f of the valve chambers are provided with upwardlydirected extensions having, in the form of construction shown, annularshoulders f which rest on the outer walls of the valve chambers whichare extended above the partition plate 6 of the enlarged top portion (Zof the jacket or casing (Z, and the upwardly directed eX- tensions f" ofthe outer linings of the valve chambers form sleeve guides in which thesleeve valves are movable.

The cylindrical 'alves extend above the explosion heads F) of thecylinders and are provided in their opposite sides with verticalopenings the side walls of which are thickenelil, as shown in Fig. 2,and at right angles to the openings in the top portions of the valves 9are sleeve bearings g".

The chambers or the walls thereof "formed by the parts (l and c areprovided with strengthening web members i and suitable bearings 0arranged longitudinally of the engine and on the opposite sides of theheads of the cylinders, and in which are mounted parallel c'ank shafts 0and 72 provided res 'iectively with pinions or gears 0 and 72 which meshwith a helical gear y mounted on a shaft gfi which extends downwardlyand is geared in connection with the main crank shaft of the engine inany suitable way, said connection and the main crank sha'lt being notshown, and the pinions or gears o and 7) are of such comparativedimensions that the shaft 0 turns at half the speed of the motor, whilethe shaft 79 turns at the same speed as the motor.

Loosely mounted on the cranks 0 and p of the shafts 0 and p arebox\bearings r in which are slidably mounted transverse or cross beamsor yokes having central circular hub members g which enter the tops ofthe sleeve valves 9, and the opposite sides of which are providedwithbearing studs c which fit-in the sleeve bearings g of the said valves.The circular hub members 9 of the transverse or cross beams or yokes qare of less dimensions than the interior di mensions of the sleevevalves 9 and the central tubes 72 of the water cirr'ilating system passupwardly through th e hub members, and are also of less dimensions thanthe interior apertures 01' passages therethrough.

With this construction, the movement of 3O the valves 7, said valves andthe upwardthe sleeve valves corresponds exactly with the verticalmovement of the center of-the cross beams or yokes q, and the movementof the sleeve valves is a composite movement having for resultthe effectof opening and closing of the inlet and exhaust ports of the .explosionheads of the cylinders at the required moments, fol-permitting a fourcycle motor to accomplish its cycle.

In the accompanying drawing, the end portions of the transverse or crossbeams or yokes q are shown larger than those portions of said beamsadjacent to the central hubs 7 thereof, but this feature of the condownto the cylinders proper, but do extend above the explosion heads of saidcylinders, as do also the linings f and f" of the valve chambers f andthe outer linings f of said valve chambers also extend above the crossbeams I] of the valve operating apparatus andabove the crank shafts 0-12 as do also extensions f of the outer linings f of the valve chambersbeing provided in their'opposite sides with vertical slots or openingsthrough which the beams 9 pass, and in which said beams operate.

The crank shafts which control the movements of the cross beams 9 may beoperated otherwise if desired, tha by the vertical shaft 3 and myinvention is not limited to an engine placed in a vertical position, norto an engine involving cylindrical or sleeve valves, nor to any specificsystem of water circulation, or means for circulating water inconnection with the cylinders, their explosion heads, or the valvechambers, nor is the said invention limited to any specific form ofexplosion heads for-said cylinders, nor to any specific position of thevalves with reference to. the cylinders, and changes in andmodifications of the form of the valves and the location thereof,together with other features of construction herein shown and describedmay be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departingfrom the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is {1. An internal combustion engine having aported cvlinder, a slide valve controlling the ports thereof, and meansfor operating said valve consisting of two oppositely'disposed crankshafts located in the top portion of the engine and operativelyconnected to the valve, one of the crank shafts rotating at a greaterspeed than the other.

2. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slide valvecontrolling the portsthereof, and means for operating said .valveconsisting of two oppositely disposed crank shafts, a cross beampivotaliy connected to the valve and operatively connected to both crankshafts, one of the crank shafts rotating at a greater speed than theother.

3. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slide valvecontrolling the ports thereof, and means for operating said valveconsisting of two oppositely disposed crank shafts in the top portion ofthe engine, a cross beam connected to the valve and operativelyconnected to both crank shafts, one of the crank shafts rotating atengine speed and the other at one-half engine speed.

t. An internal combustion engine having a cylinder with a portedcombustion head provided with a sleeve valve adapted to control theports thereof, and means foroperating said valve consisting of twooppositely disposedcrank shafts inthe top portion of the engine, and across beam pivotally connected with the valve and operatively connectedto both crank shafts, one of the crank shafts rotating at engine speedand the other at one-half engine speed.

5. An internal combustion engine having cylinders with ported combustionheads provided with sleeve valves adapted to control the ports thereof,and means for operating said valves consisting of two oppositelydisposed crank shafts in the top portion of the engine, a cross beamdirectly connected to each of the valves and operatively connected toboth crank shafts, one of the crank shafts rotating at engine speed andthe other rotating at half engine speed.

6. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a sleevevalve encompassing the combustion space, and means for operating saidvalve consisting of two oppositely disposed crank shafts in the topportion of the engine and operatively connected to the valve, one ofsaid shafts rotating at a greater speed than the other.

7. A combustion engine comprising cylinders provided with combustionchambers inclosed by slide'valve chambers in which are mounted slidevalves which control the ports of the cylinders, and'me'ans foroperating said valves consisting of cross yokes' pivotally connected tosaid valves, and parallel crank shaftsfoppositelydisposed and fittedwith loosely mounted bearings through WgIlCh the ends of, the crossyokes are mova le. f

8. An internal combustion engine having a plurality of, cylindersprovided with com-.

bastion heads, inlet and exhaust manifolds communicating therewith bymeans of the usual ports or passages, and sleeve valves "adapted tocontrol said ports or nissagcs, said cylinder and explosion heads eingprovided with a water jacket, or casing forming water passages andhaving an enlarged head portion provided with a removable ea) formingpart of said head portion, and forming in connection therewith a topchamber independent of the water circulating mssages, and means for operating said vidves consisting of two parallel crank shafts placed inthe opposite sides of said chamber and cross beams in operativeconnection with said valves and said crank shafts.

9. An internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylindersprovided with combustion heads, inlet and exhaust manifoldscommunicating therewith by means of the usual ports or passages, andsleeve valves adapted to control said ports or passages, said cylindersand explosion heads being )t'tfl'idttl with a water pickctorcasingfornimg water passages and having an enlarged head portion provided witha removable cap forming part of said headportion,aud forming inconnection therewith a top chamber independent of the water circulating)assages, and means for operating said valves consisting of two parallelcrank shafts placed in the opposite sides of said chamber and crossbeams in operative connection with said valves and said crank shafts.one of said crank shafts being adapted to rotate at engine speed and theother at half engine speed.

10. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slidevalve controlling the ports thereof, and means for operating said valveconsisting of two oppositely disposed crank shafts, a cross beamdirectly connected with the valve and operatively connected with bothcrank shafts, one of the said crank shafts being rotatable at greaterspeed than the other.

11. An internal combustion engine provided with a sleeve valve and meansfor operating said valve consisting of oppositely disposed crank shafts,a cross beam Copies of '1neans for operating .of a plurality of crankthe top portion of the operatively connected with the valve and slidablyand rotatably connected with both crank shafts, one of the crank shaftsbeing rotatable at greater speed than the other.

12. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slidevalve controlling the ports thereof, and means for operating said valveconsisting of two oppositely disposed and parallel crank shafts, a crossbeam directly and operatively connected with the valve and operativelyconnected with both crank shafts, one of said crank shafts beingrotatable at a greater speed than the other.

13. An internal combustion engine having a )OltQtl cylinder, a slidevalve controlling the ports thereof, means for operating said valve,consisting of two crankshafts mounted in the top portion of the engine,titted with loosely mounted hearings in which is carried a cross yokefree to slide in said hearings, said cross yoke being pivotallyconnected to the valve and one of said shafts rotating at a greaterspeed than the other.

l-t. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slidevalve which controls the intake to and exhaust from said cylinder, andmeans located in the top portlon of the engine for operating said valve,consisting of a cross yoke pivotally connected to the valve andoperativelv connected to two crank shafts fitted with loosely mountedbearings through which the cross yoke is slidable.

15. An internal combustion engine having a ported cylinder, a slidevalve, and said valve, consisting shafts mounted in engine andoperatively connected to the valve, one of said shafts rotating at ahigher speed than another.

In testimonvthat I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of the subscribing witnesses this 23rd day of March lil-t.

FRANK 1Q, LONAS.

Witnesses:

(l. Monasxxr, S. Asnasws.

this patent may be obtained for ave cents each, by addressing theCommissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0."

